Disk Defragmenter Disk Defragmenter consolidates fragmented files and folders on your computer's hard disk, so that each occupies a single, contiguous space on the volume. As a result, your system can gain access to your files and folders and save new ones more efficiently. By consolidating your files and folders, Disk Defragmenter also consolidates the volume's free space, making it less likely that new files will be fragmented. Disk Cleanup Use Disk Cleanup to free up space on your hard disk by removing temporary Internet files, removing installed components and programs that you no longer use, and emptying the Recycle Bin. Chkdsk or Check Disk Creates and displays a status report for the disk. The chkdsk command also lists and corrects errors on the disk. The "ckkdsk /r" command is the most frequently used. More information is available via the Help and Support Center on the Start Menu. Virus Scanning It's a fact of life that the weirdoes of the world get a thrill out of sending out viral garbage. If you don't have a virus scanning program that is up to the minute current, you're doing yourself a great disservice. Buy one or use a free one on the Internet, but use it religiously - and keep it up to date. Spyware and Malware A lot of these programs find their way onto the computer without you even being aware they were downloaded. Get two free downloads that help with these problems; Ad-Aware and another called SpyBot Search and Destroy. Run both of them and review and delete their findings unless it's something you intentionally want to remain on the system. For a terrific article on this problem, click here. Popup Killers Nobody likes popup advertising. Unfortunately, just like a virus, it's probably going to be around for some time to come. There are some popup killer programs that do a reasonably good job of eliminating these nuisances, but there are far more of them that do more harm than good. If you're experiencing a change in an applications behavior, uninstall the popup killer and see if it solves the problem. If you are using Windows XP, make sure it has Service Pack 2. It includes a good popup blocker. Windows Update Do you run Windows Update regularly? If you don't run it automatically, or at least once a week manually, then you aren't holding up your end of the bargain in helping to protect and keep your system running safely and efficiently. That's not to say every update Windows Update proposes is needed or desirable, but they should be reviewed and evaluated regularly. To manually update your computer simply click Tools at the top of your browser and then select Windows Update. That will take you directly to Microsoft's web site and then will automatically scan your computer and tell you what updates you need. Select Express Install and install all of the updates. Device Drivers You may not think these little items can do much harm, but an outdated driver can bring a system to its knees. In addition, not having the latest driver updates can deprive you of full device functionality. Manufacturers frequently issue driver updates; check your system and get the latest updates. System File Checker (SFC) Windows XP is far more bulletproof than previous Windows versions, but there is still the possibility of protected system files becoming corrupted or replaced with harmful versions. SFC is specifically designed to check all protected system files and restore them to the proper version. The most common usage method is to execute the "sfc /scannow" command. More information is available via the Help and Support Center on the Start Menu. System Restore System Restore is a component of Windows XP that you can use to restore your computer to a previous state, if a problem occurs, without losing your personal data files (such as Microsoft Word documents, browsing history, drawings, favorites, or e-mail). System Restore monitors changes to the system and some application files, and it automatically creates easily identified restore points. These restore points allow you to revert the system to a previous time. They are created daily and at the time of significant system events (such as when an application or driver is installed). You can also create and name your own restore points at any time. This is a basic troubleshooting tool. If the problem is noticed early on, using System Restore can be very helpful in returning the system to its previous functionality.